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After the central government's collapse, there was some return to customary and religious law in most regions.

The UN withdrew in 1995, having incurred large casualties and the UN-created police force collapsed. In the absence of a central government, Somalia became a " failed state". Factional fighting continued in the south. This precipitated the arrival of UNOSOM I UN military observers in July 1992, followed by larger peacekeeping forces. In 1990–92, customary law temporarily collapsed due to the fighting. Various armed factions began competing for influence in the power vacuum and turmoil that followed, particularly in the south. The clan-based armed opposition groups overthrew the Barre government in 1991. From 1988 to 1990, the Somali Armed Forces began engaging in combat against various armed rebel groups, including the Somali Salvation Democratic Front in the northeast, the Somali National Movement in the northwest, and the United Somali Congress in the south. It grew out of resistance to the military junta which was led by Siad Barre during the 1980s. The Somali Civil War ( Somali: Dagaalkii Sokeeye ee Soomaaliya Arabic: الحرب الأهلية الصومالية al-ḥarb al-’ahliyya aṣ-ṣūmāliyya) is an ongoing civil war that is taking place in Somalia. Somaliland declares independence Somalia loses 27.6% of its territory Conflict between radical Islamists and the government continues.Ethiopian invasion against the Islamic Courts Union.Consolidation of states from 1998 to 2006.